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Thousands of years before the birth of Christ, ancient Indian scholars devised a comprehensive calendar by systematically studying the Vedas and the movement and positions of planetary bodies and stars. This calendar was prepared in the form of an almanac called the Panchang. Apart from measuring time in its simplest, most mechanical sense, it was extensively used to determine dates, activities and personal goals, so as to achieve and attain the highest good within the divine order. Almost fifty years after India's emergence as a modern nation state, the calendar is still widely used in various versions and by communities all over the country. It is not uncommon to have some members of the same family celebrate their birthdays according to the Hindu calendar, while others follow the Gregorian one. Both calendars are accepted in government, metropolitan and municipal offices, and in schools and businesses. |